গবেষণায় অলটারনেটিভ মেথড কেনো উপযোগী?

By SAYEEDIN

 গবেষণায় অলটারনেটিভ মেথড কেনো উপযোগী?

গবেষণায় প্রায়ই দেখা যায়, রিসার্চ কোশ্চেনের উত্তর পেতে আমরা নির্দিষ্ট কিছু মেথডই বেছে নিই। এই সীমাবদ্ধতার কারণে অনেক আনএক্সপ্লোরড বা কম আলোচিত বিষয় নিয়ে গবেষণা করা হয় না। এই সমস্যার সমাধানে অল্টারনেটিভ রিসার্চ মেথড অত্যন্ত কার্যকরী হতে পারে। এটি নমনীয়, উদ্ভাবনী এবং কনটেক্সট-সেনসেটিভ। তাই গবেষকগণ প্রচলিত ধারণার বাইরে গিয়ে এই মেথডে ডাটা কালেকশন করতে পারেন।


ধরুন, আপনি সোশ্যাল মিডিয়ায় মানুষের মনস্তত্ত্ব বা আচরণ বোঝার চেষ্টা করছেন। নিশ্চিতভাবেই ইন্টারভিউ, কুইশেনিয়ার বা ফোকাস গ্রুপ মেথডগুলো সব সময় কার্যকরী নয়।


ধরুন, আপনি কোনো ইন্টেলেকচুয়াল ব্যক্তিকে ফলো করেন। তার মনস্তত্ত্ব বোঝার জন্য তার শেয়ারকৃত কনটেন্ট, ফলো করা পেজ, কনটেন্টের ধরন, ভাষার ব্যবহার এবং নেটওয়ার্কিং পর্যবেক্ষণ করাই আপনার নির্ধারিত মেথড, যার মাধ্যমে তার মনস্তাত্ত্বিক দিকগুলো বোঝা সম্ভব।


অন্য উদাহরণ হিসেবে, কোনো অনলাইন কমিউনিটির ওপর গবেষণা পরিচালনা করা যাক। ধরুন, আপনি ছয় মাসব্যাপী বিসিএস অনলাইন প্রিপ্যাকেজ কোর্স এবং শিক্ষার্থীদের বিহেভিয়ার প্যাটার্ন পর্যবেক্ষণ করতে চান। এজন্য আপনি একটি নির্দিষ্ট বিসিএস ফেসবুক গ্রুপে যুক্ত হলেন এবং নির্দিষ্ট পরিমাণ অর্থ বিনিয়োগ করে তাদের কোর্স, ক্লাস প্যাটার্ন, গ্রুপে মন্তব্য, লাইক ও কমেন্টের ধরন পর্যবেক্ষণ করলেন। প্রতিটি সেগমেন্ট আলাদাভাবে বিশ্লেষণ করে আপনার গবেষণাকে এগিয়ে নিলেন অল্টারনেটিভ মেথডের মাধ্যমে। এতে বোঝা যায়, ছয় মাসব্যাপী কোর্স কতটুকু কার্যকর, শিক্ষার্থীদের বিহেভিয়ার প্যাটার্ন কেমন। সার্ভে, কুইশেনিয়ার বা ইন্টারভিউ সবসময় কার্যকরী নয়। এই পদ্ধতিতে টার্গেটেড গ্রুপ সিলেকশন এবং ডাটা ম্যানেজমেন্টের অযথা ঝামেলা এড়ানো যায়।

মানুষের বিহেভিয়ার প্যাটার্ন বোঝার জন্য, বিশেষ করে অনলাইন সোশ্যাল বিহেভিয়ার প্যাটার্নের ক্ষেত্রে, অল্টারনেটিভ মেথডের বিকল্প নেই।


অবশেষে, বলা যায় যে অল্টারনেটিভ মেথড গবেষককে স্বাধীনতা দেয়; এতে ফান্ডিং বা সুপারভাইজারের চাপ থাকে না, গবেষক নতুন দৃষ্টিকোণ থেকে দেখতে পারে, নতুন বিষয়গুলো অনুসন্ধান করতে পারে এবং এপ্রুভালের কোনো ঝামেলা ছাড়াই গবেষণাকে এগিয়ে নিয়ে যেতে পারে।


©দ্বীন সাঈদীন


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